ДЄfter several years in freshwater habitats, the larvae undergo a metamorphosis that allows young, post-metamorphic lampreys to migrate to the sea or lakes, and start the adult hematophagous method of feeding. Larvae burrow in the sand and silt bottom in quiet water downstream from spawning areas and filter-feed on plankton and detritus. Spawning is followed by the death of the adults.

Females deposit a large number of eggs in nests made by males in the substrate of streams with moderately strong current. Sea lampreys are anadromous from their lake or sea habitats, they migrate up rivers to spawn. These countries also support the main fisheries of the species. The largest European populations of sea lampreys are located throughout the southwestern areas of Europe (north-central Portugal, north-northwest of Spain, and westвЂ“southwest of France). They are native to the Connecticut River basin in the United States. They have been found at depths to 4000 m and tolerate temperatures of 1вЂ“20В вЊ (34вЂ“68В вЏ). The species is found in the northern and western Atlantic Ocean along the shores of Europe and North America, in the western Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, and in the shores of the Great Lakes. The etymology of the genus name Petromyzon is from petro- 'stone' and myzon 'sucking' marinus is Latin for 'of the sea'. Adults can reach a length of up to 120В cm (47В in) and a body weight up to 2.3В kg (5.1В lb). Sea lampreys are olive or brown-yellow on the dorsal and lateral part of the body, with some black marblings, with lighter coloration on the belly.

There are 7 branchial or gill-like openings behind the eye. Its mouth is jawless, round and sucker-like, and as wide or may be wider than the head sharp teeth are arranged in many consecutive circular rows.

The sea lamprey has an eel-like body without paired fins. For broader coverage of general lamprey morphology, see Lamprey.

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